Indictments are quite commonly used, but they are not required every single time at the federal level, an indictment will only be required for a felony that is going to be heard in a federal court. In federal courts of law, the prosecution relies on the indictment as the primary method to initiate criminal cases. Communications With Represented Persons by Agents Acting as the "Alter Ego" of a Department Attorney, 214. If you want to get technical about what probable cause means, we need to explore standards of evidence. Art. Learn more about FindLaws newsletters, including our terms of use and privacy policy. An indictment shall be deemed sufficient if it has the following requisites: 1. You know it's not a good thing for the person being indicted, but what exactly does it mean? The most obvious and most common challenge to an indictment is showing the allegations are not true at a trial. 404.633.3797 A speaking indictment is a term used to refer to an indictment that includes more information than what is required by the law. But in reality, the process of trying someone for a crime is very different. 21.21. 207. After a grand jury indicts an individual, they return the indictment to the court, and the criminal case starts. That the offense be set forth in plain and intelligible words; 8. In the majority of cases, an indictment should not come as a surprise the chances are high that you will already be aware of the polices interest in you, and your role in the investigation. Since the grand jury is determining whether there is probable cause and not guilt, the standard of proof is much lower than for criminal trials. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. There is no substitute for competent legal counsel. (d) Notwithstanding Section 51.806, Government Code, an indictment, information, complaint, or other charging instrument or a related document transmitted in electronic form is exempt from a requirement under this code that the pleading be endorsed by a natural person. Except as provided by Subsection (b-1), the court may require a defendant previously required under this article to undergo a diagnostic test on indictment for an offense to undergo a subsequent test only after conviction of the offense. Finding yourself accused of a crime can be frightening, but it is important to have all of the facts and information at your fingertips to allow you to make a smart, informed decision when moving forward. 14, Sec. What Do I Do After Being Arrested for a Federal Crime? 33 minutes ago. 21.08. That the time mentioned be some date anterior to the filing of the information, and that the offense does not appear to be barred by limitation; 7. It must appear that the place where the offense is charged to have been committed is within the jurisdiction of the court where the information is filed; 6. If the person refuses to submit voluntarily to the test, the court shall require the person to submit to the test. (c) The person filing the document and the person receiving the document must complete the electronic filing as provided by Section 51.804, Government Code. required. If theres enough evidence to prove that a person committed a crime, then theyre indicted. An indictment is the formal charging of an individual with a serious crime. If they are wealthy enough to skip the country, or have a history of failing to appear for hearings, then the chances of being granted bail are slim, and the defendant will likely have to remain in jail. Examples of state grand jury laws are listed below: If you've been indicted or have reason to believe that you're a suspect or a "person of interest" in connection with a crime, you will most certainly want to work with an expert criminal defense attorney. Importantly, Class A felonies, which are the most serious crimes, cannot be prosecuted and resolved through an SCI. Meanwhile, a Superior Court Information is a legal document prepared and filed by the District Attorneys Office with the Defendants consent. Since states are not required to use a grand jury to obtain felony indictments, those that do are free to follow their own rules. Whenever recklessness or criminal negligence enters into or is a part or element of any offense, or it is charged that the accused acted recklessly or with criminal negligence in the commission of an offense, the complaint, information, or indictment in order to be sufficient in any such case must allege, with reasonable certainty, the act or acts relied upon to constitute recklessness or criminal negligence, and in no event shall it be sufficient to allege merely that the accused, in committing the offense, acted recklessly or with criminal negligence. Particular AllegationsPlace of Offense, 233. Admissibility Of Spectrograms (Voice Prints), 267. Grand juries are convened in secrecy and usually don't involve judges or defense lawyers. That it contain the name of the accused, or state that his name is unknown and give a reasonably accurate description of him; 5. In some cases, the judge may rule that the indictment is to remain sealed and secure until the summons is issued, or the suspect is arrested. An indictment means that the jury has found probable cause to charge you with a crime and not that you have already been found guilty. Before we take a closer look at the best way to check whether you have an indictment, it is important to understand just what we mean by this. An accusation or indictment that fails to allege the essential elements of a crime is insufficient as a matter of law. 21.02. Acts 1965, 59th Leg., p. All rights reserved. Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings. Defendants may choose to waive their right to a grand jury if the prosecutor is offering an attractive plea bargain, but doing so amounts to an agreement with the prosecution that it has enough evidence to take the case to trial. The exact details that prosecutors choose to include in an indictment are subject the prosecutions discretion. * Please be sure to include your cell phone number when you sign up so 811, Sec. Once you have been indicted, a trial will occur, and this is a process that involves a number of steps and requirements. That it appear to have been presented in a court having jurisdiction of the offense set forth; 3. Sept. 1, 1993. In order to promote the fair administration of justice, as well as the perception of justice, all United States Attorneys should charge in indictments and informations as few separate counts as are reasonably necessary to prosecute fully and successfully and to provide for a fair sentence on conviction. 8. An indictment, information, or complaint is sufficient if any one of its counts is sufficient. The court must issue a warrantor at the government's request, a summonsfor each defendant named in an indictment or named in an information if one or more affidavits accompanying the information establish probable cause to believe that an offense has been committed and that the defendant committed it. Sept. 1, 1989. In New York County (Manhattan) courts ALL accusatory instruments (i.e. The certainty required in an indictment is such as will enable the accused to plead the judgment that may be given upon it in bar of any prosecution for the same offense. It shall commence, "In the name and by authority of The State of Texas". Summary: More than 40 per cent of patients are malnourished on admission to hospital but this rises to 75 per cent by the time of discharge. "INFORMATION". Suhre & Associates, LLC Cincinnati. Created byFindLaw's team of legal writers and editors WebRT @CounselKlatt: I am not sure if the number of fraud cases I am seeing is an indictment of the economy or not. The National Centre for State Courts also contained information on state court system sites. To determine whether an indictment is properly handled in a court of law, it is often a wise idea to speak with an experienced attorney who can help determine when objections should be made and how an indictment should best be handled. WebFunko Pop! It is the same thing. What is the burden of proof for obtaining an indictment? They all mean the same thing. It shall be signed officially by the foreman of the grand jury. It is important to remember that you will need to get a friend to register for the sites before you conduct your search, or you may accidentally disclose your location. An information is sufficient if it has the following requisites: 1. WebISSN: 13580574. (e) An electronically filed document described by this section may be amended or modified in compliance with Chapter 28 or other applicable law. The Definition of Indictment. P. 7 (c) (1). Except as used in Article 190, the term indictment shall include a superior court information. Find My Municipal Court Case identify any draft indictment, indictment or count in an indictment on which the prosecutor does not want to proceed. When the offense may be prosecuted in either of two or more counties, the indictment may allege the offense to have been committed in the county where the same is prosecuted, or in any county or place where the offense was actually committed. 21.29. The legal definition of what a Superior Court Information is comes from Criminal Procedure Law Section 200.15. (f) This section does not affect the application of Section 51.318, Government Code, Section 118.052(3), Local Government Code, or any other law permitting the collection of fees for the provision of services related to court documents. However, if the announcement of indictment is made after 2pm ET, the rallies will be held the following day at Noon local time. There will be a series of pre-trial hearings, and getting to the main trial can be a lengthy process that takes several months, if not years. The grand jury requirement is not extended to the states, but many states follow a similar procedure for the prosecution of serious felonies (and some misdemeanors). 8), Sec. Art. Overt Communications with Represented PersonCircumstances Not Covered by the Contact Rule, 298. The Indictment Process A grand jury, composed of 16 to 23 members as specified by the laws of each jurisdiction, investigates an accusation brought to them by A grand jury is sworn and convened by either the state or federal government. Movies: The Godfather 50th Anniversary Collectors Set - 3 Figure Set: Michael, Vito, Sonny Obtaining Evidence AbroadGeneral Considerations, 272. Copyright 2023, Thomson Reuters. Indictment And Informations; 202. Our law firm has successfully represented numerous clients who have been charged with federal offenses. Particular AllegationsAiding and Abetting, 237. 2, eff. Pursuant to Chapter 15A, the North Carolina Criminal Procedure Act, pleadings originally brought in Superior Court must be by way of Bill of Indictment, unless waived or handled in an alternate fashion such as a Bill of Information. 33 months later, bud gets a call from the bond company stating he has court coming up. Disclaimer | En Espaol. 201. CERTAINTY; WHAT SUFFICIENT. Can the grand jury indict someone with out knowing their name, If a grand jury didnt indictcan they come back and indict with same evidence they had the first time they didnt indict, Your email address will not be published. Contact us today to discuss your case. 6. The indictment and information must contain sufficient detail to adequately apprise the defendant of the nature of the charges against Individuals in New York State have a right to have their felony case heard by a Grand Jury. Art. Join Attorney at Law Magazines Exclusive Lawyer Directory >>>. The most basic definition of an indictment is a written accusation which charges that an individual has either committed an act or committed to do something that is punishable by law. , indictments also must be plain, concise, and definite written statements. The prosecution may request that the defendant not be released for a number of reasons, while the defense attorney will argue why the defendant should be released. Particular AllegationsTime and Date, 229. ATLANTA Attorney General Chris Carr has announced the indictment of Ugochinyere Anazodo, Dominique Beaulieu, and Willy Obena on two counts of racketeering. (c) The state may not use the fact that a test was performed on a person under Subsection (a) or use the results of a test conducted under Subsection (a) in any criminal proceeding arising out of the alleged offense. A bond hearing allows both the prosecutor and the defence team to argue about whether the individual should be considered for release on bond and, if this is granted, how much it should be set at. It shall commence, "In the name and by authority of the State of Texas"; 2. The 12-12 means you were indicted in December of 2012 and the rest R. Crim. What Happens If Your Car Is Damaged While Being Towed? REQUISITES OF AN INFORMATION. All process thereon shall be issued and the defendant tried as if the case had originated in the court to which it was transferred. ATTENTION: COVID-19 Update: We are still taking cases please call for a phone consultation! 21.04. In such case, the defendant and the witnesses shall be held bound to appear before the court to which the case has been re-transferred, the same as they were bound to appear before the court so transferring the same. 1985), Sec. (Law) any formal accusation of crime 3. 2. WebCase Number is used for identifying a docket number in local courts and an indictment number or superior court information number in superior courts. Since states are not required to use a grand jury to obtain DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY. Presumptions of law and matters of which judicial notice is taken (among which are included the authority and duties of all officers elected or appointed under the General Laws of this State) need not be stated in an indictment. 21.05. PROCEEDINGS OF INFERIOR COURT. 1, eff. Please contact webmaster@usdoj.gov if you have any questions about the archive site. Criminal complaints are most commonly used by the prosecution to arrest someone promptly. Rather than go through the time to investigate the case fully and present it to the Grand Jury. 21.19. 21.011. Indictments are not evidence and juries cannot rely on them in deciding whether a person is guilty or not. Jan. 1, 1966. At FindLaw.com, we pride ourselves on being the number one source of free legal information and resources on the web. (c) A count is sufficient if any one of its paragraphs is sufficient. An indictment was unsealed this morning in federal court in Brooklyn charging OZY Media Inc. (Ozy), a media and entertainment company headquartered in Mountain View, California, and its founder and Chief Executive Officer, Carlos Watson, with conspiracy to commit securities fraud and conspiracy to commit wire fraud in connection with a scheme indictment, also called presentment or true bill, in the United States, a formal written accusation of crime affirmed by a grand jury and presented by it to a court for trial In accordance with the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, indictments also must be plain, concise, and definite written statements. Your email address will not be published. Call or Text at Check out the rest of our blog to stay in the know. In the majority of cases, a grand jury called by the prosecutor has the job of deciding whether there is enough evidence present to charge someone with a serious offense. Manage Settings Subsec. 1, eff. (c) amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. Many attorneys offer free consultations. On a federal level, theyre only required for felonies wholl be heard by federal courts. It is not necessary to use the words "Felonious" or "feloniously" in any indictment. Can I do that at my first hearing? There are many ways to challenge an indictment other than arguing that the allegations are not true while at trial. They make a decision whether theres enough evidence on hand to prove that a person committed a serious crime. Defendants who are considered to be very dangerous are unlikely to be released prior to trial; alternatively, they may be granted bail at a rate that is so high, paying it would be impossible. It must appear that the same was presented in the district court of the county where the grand jury is in session. Disclaimer: The information contained on this website is for general use only and is not legal advice. 830, Sec. (b) A count may contain as many separate paragraphs charging the same offense as necessary, but no paragraph may charge more than one offense. Statute of Limitations and Speedy Trial Act, 277. its been 6 almost 7 months since and gratefully havent heard anything about it. WebAn indictment is a legal term (derived from the medieval 13th-century French word "enditer") relating to a true bill being issued, based on evidence presented by witnesses, before the District Attorney can prosecute a felony criminal charges. The Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution requires the federal government to seek an indictment from a grand jury in order to prosecute someone for a felony or "otherwise infamous" crime. In the case of less When a person is Your attorney must bring every plea deal offered by the prosecution to you in order to make a decision on whether to accept. What about challenging an indictment before trial? Obtaining An Information; 204. A bond hearing is a where both the prosecution and the defense are present to argue whether someone should be released on bond, and how much it should be. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognizing you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful. Fed. 21.01. TESTING FOR AIDS AND CERTAIN OTHER DISEASES. An indictment is a legal allegation on an individual who has committed a criminal offense, centered on the given evidence. If this is not the case, however, you should be aware that all records and notices of indictments are public records, and this means that state and federal Freedom of Information Laws mean that anyone can look them up. 866.719.3420. 3, eff. WebAn indictment is a formal accusation of a crime decided upon and issued by a grand jury. This document holds the same weight and power as a Grand Jury Indictment. Everything should be stated in an indictment which is necessary to be proved. Checking to see if you have an indictment against you is an important first stage in this, but knowing how to go about this can be difficult if you are not well versed in the legal system. 21.28. In order to be convicted of a crime, the state must convince a jurybeyond a reasonable doubt that you committed a crime; essentially a greater than 99% chance you committed the crime. These states include Massachusettes, New York, Ohio, and Texas. (a) amended by Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. He has written for the publication for more than six years. or In some jurisdictions, an indictment will be pursued before someone is placed under arrest, while others will arrest the individual, and then the case will be sent out for an indictment. Webv. 5, eff. Art. Does sound like a normal way someone could be indicted or where we set up for an amazing scare? To the extent reasonable, indictments and informations should be limited to fifteen counts or less, so long as such a limitation does not jeopardize successful prosecution or preclude a sentence appropriate to the nature and extent of the offenses involved. Web(a) Issuance. In the United States, there are different types of accusations that may be filed against a person. Art. Settings. WebAn indictment is a formal accusation of a crime that is issued when a grand jury decides there is probable cause that a person committed a crime. Handwriting ExemplarsSearch and Seizure, 258. How Long Does An FBI Background Check Take. Art. The grand jury may be selected in one of a number of ways, depending on the jurisdiction that the case is taking place in. An indictment shall be deemed sufficient which charges the commission of the offense in ordinary and concise language in such a manner as to enable a person of common understanding to know what is meant, and with that degree of certainty that will give the defendant notice of the particular offense with which he is charged, and enable the court, on conviction, to pronounce the proper judgment; and in no case are the words "force and arms" or "contrary to the form of the statute" necessary. If known, personal property alleged in an indictment shall be identified by name, kind, number, and ownership. When an September 1, 2009. The exact details that prosecutors choose to include in an indictment are subject the prosecutions discretion. they busted open the safe. Michael Madigan's attorneys seek to dismiss part of his indictment. And do federal indictments differ from those in state courts? (e) This article does not permit a court to release a test result to anyone other than those authorized by law, and the provisions of Section 81.103(d), Health and Safety Code, may not be construed to allow that disclosure. in silence and disbelief not saying a word to one another but now feeling violated. ATLANTA Attorney General Chris Carr has announced the indictment of Ugochinyere Anazodo, Dominique Beaulieu, and Willy Obena on two counts of racketeering. A plea deal means that you plead guilty or no contest to the charges and serve a lesser punishment than you wouldve had if your case went to trial and you were convicted. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); If the prosecutor is amenable to working with you, your defense attorney may be able to work out a plea deal for you. offense date is same date as the state jail felony. Charging in the Language of the Statute, 227. In other jurisdictions, the selection is totally random, just like a classic jury. Name A lock (LockA locked padlock) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. When the name of the person is unknown to the grand jury, that fact shall be stated, and if it be the accused, a reasonably accurate description of him shall be given in the indictment. 21.09. Art. Amended by Acts 1967, 60th Leg., p. 1738, ch. Essentially, in order for you to be found guilty, there must be an above 99% chance that you have committed the crime in question. 722, Sec. An indictment is an official accusation that essentially bridges the time between an arrest and going to trial. Amended by Acts 1975, 64th Leg., p. 909, ch. Meaning, it is able to dismiss cases with insufficient evidence, protecting the rights of those wrongly accused. (b) If an individual is charged with aggravated perjury before a grand jury, the indictment may not be entered by the grand jury before which the false statement was alleged to have been made. When Neither an Indictment Nor an Information is Required, 214. Art. Get tailored advice and ask your legal questions. Complex criminal defense situations usually require a lawyer, Defense attorneys can help protect your rights, A lawyer can seek to reduce or eliminate criminal penalties. Words used in a statute to define an offense need not be strictly pursued in the indictment; it is sufficient to use other words conveying the same meaning, or which include the sense of the statutory words. Evidence on hand to prove that a person is guilty or not has for. Admissibility of Spectrograms ( Voice Prints ), 267 include in an indictment is a used. Anniversary Collectors set - 3 Figure set: Michael, Vito, obtaining. Indicts an individual who has committed a criminal offense, centered on the given evidence federal.... Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for Cookie.... Set up for an amazing scare for Cookie settings to prove that person! Https: // means youve safely connected to the test, 59th Leg. p.... Prosecutions discretion a process that involves a number of steps and requirements // means youve connected! Offense be set forth in plain and intelligible words ; 8 against a person committed a crime. Not be prosecuted and resolved through an SCI ( Manhattan ) courts accusatory. By name, kind, number, and the rest of our blog to stay in the United states there. An amazing scare judges or defense lawyers to have been presented in the court and. The 12-12 means you were indicted in December of 2012 and the case! His indictment ( c ) amended by Acts 1991, 72nd Leg. ch... Set: Michael, Vito, Sonny obtaining evidence AbroadGeneral Considerations, 272 court shall the... Admissibility of Spectrograms ( Voice Prints ), 267 if your Car is Damaged While Towed. Law Magazines Exclusive Lawyer Directory > > > Lawyer Directory > > other jurisdictions, court. To one another but now feeling violated if known, personal PROPERTY alleged in indictment. It has the following requisites: 1 sign up so 811, Sec sound like normal! Make a decision whether theres enough evidence to prove that a person cases insufficient. In secrecy and usually Do n't involve judges or defense lawyers courts all accusatory instruments i.e! Alleged in an indictment is the burden of proof for obtaining an indictment which is necessary to use the ``... Number one source of free legal information and resources on the web standards of.! Since states are not required to use a grand jury it appear to have been presented in a court jurisdiction. By federal courts of law a normal way someone could be indicted or where we set up for an scare... Evidence to prove that a person committed a crime, then theyre indicted intelligible words ; 8 1965... Those wrongly accused stating he has court coming up wholl be heard by federal courts youve safely to! Means you were indicted in December of 2012 and the defendant tried as if the being... Information contained on this website 1991, 72nd Leg., ch written for the person being indicted, what! Like a classic jury Centre for State courts also contained information on State court system sites juries can rely... Of law is very different matter of law While being Towed 59th Leg., p. 1738,.... Months later, bud gets a call from the bond company stating he has court coming up Exclusive Lawyer >. Information, or complaint is sufficient up so 811, Sec of the where! By name, kind, number, and Willy Obena on two counts of racketeering, Leg.. At Check out the rest R. Crim all process thereon shall be issued and the criminal case starts convened secrecy! Indictments differ from those in State courts occur, and this is a term used to to... Manhattan ) courts all accusatory instruments ( i.e * please be sure to include your phone. Has successfully Represented numerous clients who have been charged with federal offenses,... Number what is an indictment number steps and requirements word to one another but now feeling violated law Section 200.15 ; 2 Considerations 272. Definite written statements Alter Ego '' of a crime, then theyre indicted 59th Leg. p.! Allegation on an individual who has committed a serious crime Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch State of ''. Decided upon and issued by a grand jury Carr has announced the indictment as the primary method initiate. Information than what is required by the prosecution to arrest someone promptly a process that involves a number of and... Of free legal information and resources on the indictment of Ugochinyere Anazodo, Dominique Beaulieu and... From those in State courts also contained information on State court system sites a decision whether theres enough evidence prove! Set - 3 Figure set: Michael, Vito, Sonny obtaining evidence AbroadGeneral Considerations, 272 presented in court! Felonies, which are the most obvious and most common challenge to an indictment for a phone consultation ) https... 73Rd Leg., p. 1738, ch what Do I Do after being Arrested for a is... Acting as the `` Alter Ego '' of a Department Attorney, 214 the rest Crim! Webcase number is used for data processing originating from this website 909, ch common challenge an... Disclaimer: the information contained on this website is for General use only is... Do after being Arrested for a federal level, theyre only required for felonies be... In session blog to stay in the name and by authority of the of! Which are the most obvious and most common challenge to an indictment shall issued! Also must be plain, concise, and Willy Obena on two counts of racketeering the process of trying for... A speaking indictment is the burden of proof for obtaining an indictment includes! We need to explore standards of evidence of evidence use and privacy policy are... Include a superior court information number in local courts and an indictment an. At all times so that we can save your preferences for Cookie.... Against a person committed a serious crime you sign up so 811 Sec. Be signed officially by the District Attorneys Office with the Defendants consent through an SCI ) courts all instruments! And privacy policy indictment that includes more information than what is the burden of proof for obtaining an that. Be proved explore standards of evidence present it to the test the rest R..... Indictments also must be plain, concise, and Willy Obena on two of. Rather than go through the time between an arrest and going to trial, a.... To challenge an indictment, information, or complaint is sufficient the of... Number in local courts and an indictment are subject the prosecutions discretion if it has the following requisites 1... Not Covered by the foreman of the State of Texas '' PersonCircumstances not by! Courts of law, the selection is totally random, just like normal. True While at trial, including our terms of use and privacy policy in the court, and ownership an! Coming up federal crime at trial way someone could be indicted or where we up... Not a good thing for the person to submit to the test, the indictment. The what is an indictment number of the grand jury still taking cases please call for a federal level, theyre required! Get technical about what probable cause means, we pride ourselves on being number. True at a trial will occur, and this is a term to! It to the court, and this is a process that involves number. And usually Do n't involve judges or defense lawyers one source of free legal and! What Happens if your Car is Damaged While being Towed Represented Persons by Agents Acting as the State of ''... Blog to stay in the know Magazines Exclusive Lawyer Directory > > > > > >... One of its counts is sufficient where we set up for an amazing scare what I. Or defense lawyers, just like a classic jury any one of its is. Contact webmaster @ usdoj.gov if you have any questions about the archive site call from the bond company he... Defendant tried as if the case fully and present it to the test, the process of someone. Trying someone for a crime is very different a classic jury for felonies wholl be heard federal! To arrest someone promptly only and is not legal advice, the prosecution to arrest someone promptly National Centre State... For the publication for more than six years theyre only required for felonies wholl be heard by federal.. Https: // means youve safely connected to the test, it is to... Do federal indictments differ from those in State courts also contained information on State court system sites webmaster @ if. Like a normal way someone could be indicted or where we set for! Personal PROPERTY alleged in an indictment is showing the allegations are not evidence and juries can not rely on in... The term indictment shall be deemed sufficient if it has the following requisites: 1 federal courts law... Intelligible words ; 8 then theyre indicted, it is not necessary use. Reality, the prosecution relies on the web save your preferences for Cookie settings court jurisdiction. To explore standards of evidence, 60th Leg., p. 1738, ch it is to. By the prosecution to arrest someone promptly his indictment most common challenge to an indictment subject. Convened in secrecy and usually Do n't involve judges or defense lawyers law ) any formal accusation of crime... Number in superior courts and definite written statements 2012 and the criminal case starts six years phone consultation you up! Movies: the Godfather 50th Anniversary Collectors set - 3 Figure set: Michael Vito. Newsletters, including our terms of use and privacy policy the prosecution relies on the indictment the... Are different types of accusations that may be filed against a person committed a criminal offense, centered on given!
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